CACHAR DISTRICT (Assam)
| Total Area | 3.786 sq km |
| Total Population | 17,36,617 |
| Male | 8,86,284 |
| Female | 8,50,333 |
| Sex Ratio | 945 females per 1000 male |
| Density | 459 persons per sq km |
| Literacy Rate | 79.34% |
| Male | 84.78% |
| Female | 73.68% |
| District Head Quarter | Silchar |
| Sub-Division | Head Quarter |
| Silchar | Silchar |
| Lakhipur | Lakhipur Town |
| Katigarh | Katigarh |
Boundaries :
Dima Hasao and Meghalaya on the north; Manipur on the east: Mizoram on the south: and Hailakandi, Karimganj and Bangladesh on the west.
Rivers & Tributaries : Barak, Jiri, Ciri. Bukni, Sonai, Autila etc.
Air-port: Silchar (Kumbhir Gram).
Cachar district is located in the south of Assam. There are two possibilities regarding the origin of the name of Cachar. The Kacharis gave the name Cachar when they ruled this land. The word ‘Kachar’in Sylhette (Bengali of Sylhet) means a stretch of and at the foot of a mountain. Hence, the name Cachar have been given by Bengalis of Sylhet as the land is surrounded by mountains.
The Kachari kingdom used to rule in this region long time ago. The name of this place was derived from their respective name. Description of this region is available in the former history of the Kachari and Manipuri kingdom. Ancient remaining of monumental works is still found in this district. The Kachari king used rule, a significant area including this district for many years. In the year of 1706, the Kachari king Tamradhwaj was defeated by the Ahom king Rudra Singha. King Tamradhwaj escaped from the capital Maibong and established a new capital in Khaspur. During the end of the 18th century, Marjit Singha from Manipur with the help of the Mean (Burmese), took over the Kachari kingdom. Then king Gobinda Chandra approached the British for help and eventually the British got rid of the invaders and reclaimed Gobinda Chandra as the king again. Later in 1830. king Gobinda Chandra was murdered by an insurgent and the British claimed this state under their rule. The British rebuilt Cachar as a district of Assam in 1874. After the independence of India, North Cachar region (1951), Karimganj sub-division (1983) and Hailakandi sub-division (1987) were separated from the extensive Cachar district. Barak is the main river of Cachar district. This river is coming flowing out from the southern hilly region of Nagaland. This river is acting as a border between the Cachar district and the state of Manipur. The tributaries like Ciri, Jatinga, Sonai, Dholeshwari, Katkhal etc. are merging in the Barak river after flowing through this district. The mountain range situated in the north, east and south have a profound impact on the climate of Cachar district. Humidity is found in great amount in the air. The summers become unbearably hot here.
During rainy seasons the air is filled with water vapors and it rains heavily. However, in winter the cold is less compared to the Brahmaputra valley. The rainy season is longer here from the month of May to October. Fair divisions of the Borail and Jayantia hills are touching the Cachar district. The south of the Cachar district is also covered by a few fragments of the Mizoram mountain lines. The plain areas of this district are mainly foothills of the surrounding mountains. The plain areas of this district comprises of a few lowlands, a few highlands and a few extended plain lands. The nearby areas of the Barak river and its tributaries are the actually the plain regions. Agriculture is the foundation of Cachar’s economy. About 70% of the district’s working force are engaged in agriculture and allied activities. Of the total working class, 42.70% are farmer and 19.60% are agricultural labourers. Principal food crop of Cachar is rice. The rest of the labourers are engaged in mining. animal farming, fish cultivation, small scale industries. trading, transport, production, construction etc. The prediction of the Oil and Natural Gas commission is positive about the storage of crude oil in Cachar district. Tea plantation is also practiced here.There are a large number tea gardens in the district of Cachar. The economic condition of this district is not outstanding. There are almost no large scale industries. However banking on the factors of huge water resources, natural resources, crude oil storage. broad-gauge railway development. the economy stands a hope for upliftment. The government is already engaged in various works and schemes for the development of the district Cachar is connected by road with Guwahati via Jowai-Shillong. It is the only road from Guwahati linking it with the rest of the country. The Lumding-Badarpur section of NF Railways is the most vital link of Cachar, Mizoram and Tripura with rest of the country. The line traverses through the zig-zag hilly terrain of North Cachar Hills passing through 36 tunnels. Cachar district has its own airport at Kumbhirgram, which is about 30 km away from Silchar town. Silchar, the district headquarter town, situated on the south bank of the Barak river, is an important commercial centre of the State. As a gateway of Mizoram, Manipur and Tripura, the town naturally plays a vital role in supplying essential commodities to those States A medical college. a station of All India Radio, a TV station, a regional engineering college (now National Institute of Technology) and many such important organisations have enhanced the importance of the town. A Central University has been set up in Silchar. There is a LPG bottling plant the Harincherran area of the Silchar town. There is a famous temple called ‘Bhairav Van’ just 20 km from Silchar This temple was built by the king Lakshmi Chandra. Another important temple in Silchar is the ‘Narasimha Akhara’.
Lakhipur is the richest pine-apple growing area in the country. Natural gas is found in Adamtilla area of Cachar. Cachar district has prominently figured in the histories of Manipur and the Kachari Kingdom. Khaspur, a past capital of the ancient Kachari Kingdom, with numerous ruins and architectural remains, provides nostalgic moments to those with historical interest The past glory of Kachari Kingdom are scattered at several places of the district. Another famous place in this region is Badarpur Ghat. The famous Siddheswara Temple is situated in Badarpur Ghat. The ancient Shivlingam in this temple is made of old stone. A fair termed as the Baruli mesa is held here every year. On the road to Hailakandi, almost 18 km from Silchar the Bharam baba temple is to be found. A large mass of devotees gather here every year during Raasa Purnima and Magha Purnima.
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